Answer
Salam (Peace) Brother,
Thank you for your question and for contacting Ask About Islam. Please find part two of the answer to your question below. Find the first part at the link here.
As stated in Part 1, looking at the Message of the Quran itself:
1- The Quran repeatedly makes it clear that God is the Speaker and the Revealer of the Quran …
2- Quran presents the idea of Tawhid – or the concept of Unity …
3- The canvas of the Quran is the whole universe: God is the Creator and Sustainer of the heavens and the earth, the Lord and Cherisher of the worlds; the Sovereign Ruler and Disposer of all affairs:
{His is the dominion over the heavens and the earth; He grants life and deals death; and He has the power to will anything. He is the First and the Last, and the Outward as well as the Inward: and He has full knowledge of everything, He is the First and the Last, and the Outward as well as the Inward: and He has full knowledge of everything. He it is who has created the heavens and the earth in six eons, and is established on the throne of His almightiness. He knows all that enters the earth, and all that comes out of it, as well as all that descends from the skies, and all that ascends to them. And He is with you wherever you may be; and God sees all that you do.} (Quran 57:2-4)
The above is only one example of the sublime verses of the Quran; and evidently a shepherd of the Arabian deserts fourteen centuries ago could not have written these verses.
4- The Quran teaches that humans are the best of God’s creation possessing reason and free will, and they are appointed as the ambassadors or representatives of God on earth.
Their first duty is to use their capabilities to acquire knowledge of the world and nature around them. Using this knowledge, humans should strive to improve their living conditions so as to benefit the whole of humankind.
5- The Quranic guidance for humankind is most comprehensive: It encourages us to travel the earth and learn what happened to previous generations. It urges us to observe the phenomena of nature or the signs of God and learn the laws of nature or God’s own laws working behind them.
The Quran repeatedly appeals to our reason and urges us to use it to our own benefit. It does not encourage blind faith; rather it encourages faith bolstered with reason.
6- The Quran’s appeal in general is not bound by the time or place of its revelation; it is universal. It transcends all kinds of categories – ethnic, national, or socio-political – which often define human relationships and transactions on earth.
The Quran provides guidelines of behavior in all spheres of human life, such as trade and commerce, art and culture, marriage and divorce, law of inheritance and so on.
7- Another important teaching of the Quran is the concept of human responsibility in this life and accountability in the hereafter before God. This is a natural corollary of our status as beings endowed with reason and freewill.
The foregoing gives us a glimpse of the teachings of the Quran. Anyone who studies the life and times of the Prophet can clearly see that Muhammad (PBUH) (at first an illiterate shepherd and then a merchant working for a rich businesswoman of Makkah) could never have written anything like the Quran.
The Quran itself bears testimony that the Prophet is not the author of the Quran:
{[O Muhammad,] you have never been able to recite any divine writ before this one [was revealed], nor did you ever transcribe one with your own hand or else, they who try to disprove the truth [of your revelation] might indeed have had cause to doubt [it]} (Quran 29:48)
It was at a time when the Arabic language of the Hijaz region was noted for excellent oral poetry, that the Quran was revealed.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was not at all skilled in the art of poetic composition; but the Quran excelled the best poetry of the day and stunned even the most renowned poets of the time.
The literary geniuses of Arabia have been moved by the astounding aesthetic qualities of the Quran such as its beautiful blending of rhyme and rhythm into resounding cadences that not only appeal externally to the ear, but at the same time stir the soul of the listener in its depths.
There is no wonder why many of those who heard it immediately converted to Islam.
The Quran was revealed to the Prophet a few verses at a time according to the need of the time, or in answer to a question that called for an answer. And as soon as the verses were revealed, the Prophet dictated them to his companions who wrote them down.
It was in the course of 23 years of the Prophet’s life, that the gradual revelation of the Quran was completed. In the case of such a book, there would be contradictions or conflicting passages if it were a human composition.
But the Quran is a comprehensive whole that has no contradictions in it. And the Quran states this fact:
{Will they not, then, try to understand this Qur’an? Had it issued from any but God, they would surely have found in it many an inner contradiction!} (Quran 4:82)
We find a number of scientific facts in the Quran whose validity were proven several centuries after the time of the Prophet. How could this be if it were the work of a man who lived fourteen centuries ago?
The foregoing hopefully will convince any sincere seeker of knowledge that the Quran is the Word of God and not the work of a human.
And Allah knows best. I hope this helps answer your question. Please keep in touch. Salam.
Please continue feeding your curiosity, and find more info in the following links:
http://aboutislam.net/reading-islam/my-journey-to-islam/logic-quran-led-islam/
http://aboutislam.net/reading-islam/understanding-islam/is-the-quran-authentic/
http://aboutislam.net/shariah/quran/quranic-miracles/inimitability-of-the-quran/
http://aboutislam.net/reading-islam/in-focus/quran-focus-special-folder/